Ireland Religion Irish

A History of the 1641 Rebellion in Ireland

By the seventeenth century the traditional divide between the Gaelic Irish and Old English was declining; they had assimilated with one another and they were united by their shared religion, Catholicism. In addition, they were allied together in the face of the huge influx of Protestant English and Scottish settlers during the Plantations who were threatening the political position of the wealthier Irish Catholics. The vast majority of this group were not opposed to the supremacy of Charles I but they wished to be full subjects and maintain their pre-eminent position in Irish society. The failed Gunpowder plot severely curtailed their rights and privileges. However there were stumbling blocks to achieving this that lay in their religious affiliation and the extension of the Plantations. In 1638, many Scots revolted in what were known as the Bishops' Wars against Charles I's attempts to impose Church of England prayers in Scotland. Charles turned to the Irish gentry to raise an army to put down the rebellion, he promised them the concession of allowing them to practice their religion openly. To the Scots and English Parliaments, this appeared to confirm that Charles was a tyrant who wanted to impose Catholicism on his kingdoms. In early 1641, Scots and English proposed invading Ireland to subdue any Catholic force that was being raised there. Catholics in Ireland decided to pre-empt this and concocted a plan to seize Dublin Castle and towns throughout the country in the name of the King. If they had succeeded they may very well have found themselves in a position to dictate terms to the king and parliament. However, an informer blabbed about the plans to take the Castle and it never took place. But the local risings in Ulster went according to plan under the leadership of Phelim O'Neill. At first they met with only minor resistance, they occupied most of Ulster and them marched south into Leinster. They were joined by the Old English and the combined forces, calling themselves the Catholic Army', laid siege to Drogheda. The movement spread throughout the country throughout 1642 and success seemed imminent. However, reinforcements began to arrive from England and the Catholic Army' was pushed back into Ulster, many were anxious to sue for peace, but the English administration were not interested, they sought to subdue Ireland once and for all. However, a quick defeat of the rebels in Ireland was prevented by the outbreak of Civil War in Ireland, English troops were withdrawn from Ireland and a general stalemate ensued.

Russell Shortt is a travel consultant with Exploring Ireland, the leading specialists in customised, private escorted tours, escorted coach tours and independent self drive tours of Ireland. Article source: http://www.exploringireland.net

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